Which type of circuit is characterized by components connected end-to-end?

A series circuit is defined by the configuration in which components are connected end-to-end in a single path. This means that the current flows through one component and then onto the next, without branching off. In a series circuit, every component shares the same current, which is equal to the current flowing through the entire circuit. If one component fails or is removed, the entire circuit is interrupted, causing all components to stop working.

This contrasts with a parallel circuit, where components are connected across the same voltage source and there are multiple paths for the current to flow. In a complex circuit, components can be arranged in both series and parallel configurations, leading to more intricate designs. An open circuit, on the other hand, refers to a break in the circuit that prevents current flow, rather than a specific arrangement of components. Thus, the defining feature of a series circuit is its end-to-end configuration, making this the correct answer.